My Favorite Garment

My Christmas gift from my husband was usually in a small box, and usually a beautiful piece of jewelry

One Christmas, I think it was sometime in the 1980’s, he broke the pattern. My gift was in a very large box, much too big to be jewelry unless he had bargained for one of Queen Elizabeth’s crowns, and a complete mystery to me.

When the big day came, amidst the excitement of four daughters opening gifts, I opened mine. It was a lovely gold robe, made of quilted satin, with hand knotted buttons. Though it had some kind of filler it weighed almost nothing. I thanked him and tried it on.

To be honest, gold was not a favorite color of mine and the robe was a bit too big. I didn’t mention those things. How could I when it had come from the Moraine Room of the best department store in the city!! I had never done more than glance in that department as it was full of very, very expensive garments.

I was to put on that robe hundreds of times over many years. It was so warm and comfortable that I wore it and wore it and wore it.

When I moved to Minnesota I decided to bring it with me, though by that time it had been replaced. My plan was to make a small cushion as a souvenir, using parts of the robe. Months went by and I procrastinated. Actually I forgot about it.

Two Christmases ago my daughter, Marcia, brought my gift in a large square box. When I opened it, there was a lovely gold satin pillow, made from my old robe. I display it on a chair in my bedroom. It brings back happy memories of the many years during which I wore the most expensive (and comfortable) garment I have ever owned.

THE DANCER

In dreams I see her

Dancing in the night

Dancing the night away

Her life awaits.

 

That life’s been lived now

For better or for worse

But still she dances in the night

Sometimes

Ironing-sometimes Dangerous

 

On my bookshelf is a sad iron which I use as a bookend. No one asks about it, but there is a reason I have it there. As most of you know, I grew up during the depression years when we made do with what we had and seldom bought anything that was not a real necessity.

The article I wrote recently about laundry stopped with the dry clothes. But- there is more. Many of those clothes had to be ironed. As we had no electricity we used irons which were heated on the cook stove . We had three – one in use and two heating. This meant that we fired up the kitchen range even in hot weather.

My first introduction to ironing was doing my father’s handkerchiefs. I progressed to such things as pillow cases and dresser scarves (yes, we used embroidered scarves on all the dressers in the house.) Eventually I was able to iron my dresses, everyday shirts, and aprons. As time went on I graduated to white Sunday shirts and full length dresses. I learned how to switch a too cool iron for a hot one and to place the cool one in position on the wood range so that it would heat up to be used in its rotation.

Of course one had to keep the fire going while the ironing progressed. Sometimes I would get the iron too close to the open range lid and the smoke would blacken it. I then had to rub it back and forth on a piece of waxed paper to remove the soot. This also served to help the iron glide more easily over the clothing.

The task wasn’t entirely unpleasant. The smell coming from these outdoor -dried clothes was so pleasant and clean that I enjoyed it. There was a satisfaction in seeing the stacks of freshly ironed things as they accumulated.

We did not iron the sheets. The wind outside usually did that and the smell of newly dried all-cotton sheets was wonderfully fresh. I wish I could smell them today. The synthetic materials of today, even when dried outside, don’t have that lovely clean smell.

Eventually we “graduated” to a gas iron. It sounds terribly dangerous to me now. It was made of metal, with an attached wood handle. Behind the handle, on the back of the iron was a small tank which we filled with gasoline – yes! gasoline. I seem to recall that we pumped air into the tank, too. There was a small tube leading from the tank to larger tubes below the handle and next to the iron’s metal surface. We lit the iron with a match and the flame heated the surface of the iron. I don’t recall any kind of thermostat. I do remember that the space between my thumb and forefinger became almost burned after a couple of hours of ironing. In today’s world that iron might be considered almost suicidal. To me it was almost as good as an electric iron.

But, back to the iron on my bookshelf. It is there in case I ever feel sorry for myself for any reason. It reminds me of where I came from.

ADDENDUM TO LAUNDRY

COUNT YOUR BLESSINGS
From a Kentucky Grandma, 1810

1. Bild fire in back yard to heat kettle of rain water

2. Set tub so wind wont blow smoke in eyes if wind is pert.

3. Shave one hole cake lie soap in biling water.

4. sort things, make 3 piles – 1 pile white, 1 pie cullard, 1 pile britches and rags.

5. Stir flour in cold water to smooth, then thin.

6. Rub dirty spots on board, scrub hard, then bile. Rub cullard but don’t bile – just rench and starch.

7. take white things out of kettle with broomstick handle, then rench, bleu and starch.

8. spread tea towels on grass

9. hang old rags on fence.

10. pore rench water on flower bed

11. scrub porch with hot soapy water.

12. turn tubs upside down.

13. go put on clean dress – smooth hair with side combs – brew a cup of tea and rest and rock a spell, and count your blessings.

 

Music In The Thirties And Forties

When I was in boarding school many of our evenings were spent dancing. This meant that girls danced with girls, but mainly it was a time for the older residents to teach the younger ones how to dance. I’ve always been thankful that I had that chance. It led to many happy evenings later in my life.

I don’t really know when ballrooms became popular, perhaps when cars became common. Dances were held in my parents’ generation. It was at a dance that my parents met. So, at least in my area of Minnesota they have a long history.

During the depression years it was a way to forget the grinding reality of everyday life for an evening. Usually friends and neighbors would fill up a car and drive to the dance. Some were held in halls in the towns. Others were in ballrooms built by a lake, or near some small town.

The music for  dances in the small towns was usually “home grown,” featuring a local orchestra or sometimes just a “fiddler” and a pianist. It might be a “wedding dance” paid for by the newlywed couple, and free to attend.

It was the ballrooms that I liked. They were built especially for holding dances, with a stage, a microphone, and a good dance floor. Sometimes there were “name” bands who played there. It was always a thrill to walk into them with the overhead lighting, not too bright, nor too dim. The orchestra would be tuning up their instruments. All wore suits and ties and looked quite handsome and dignified. Usually there was a girl singer who wore a beautiful long dress.

There were booths all around the periphery. Soft drinks were available, probably for five cents a glass. For a young depression age girl it held a certain magic.

And there was the anticipation or anxiety as to whether anyone would ask you to dance. I was quite shy and younger than my friends. Usually there was a brother or two who would ask us to dance. There was a “Stag Line,” the assembly of young men who came without a date, planning to “play the field.” My brothers had a standing joke about some of these fellows on the stag line. Their motto was supposedly “They bring themselves, they eat themselves, BUT we will take them home!”

My favorite orchestras were those that played “Swing” music, the popular radio songs and those that were on the Saturday night program “The Hit Parade.”

Many of the small town dances had small combos who played polkas, schottisches, and the like. I never learned how to do those dances but those who did whirled around the floor over and over again, enjoying themselves immensely. There were couples who came with their small children who would finally fall asleep on a bench while their parents danced away the evening.

Other than the “name” bands who came from time to time much of the music was local and probably not so great, but it made for a happy evening away from the trying depression life that we were leading.

More Laundry

MORE THOUGHTS ON LAUNDRY

I’ve been thinking more about laundry in the “olden days.” There were some things I forgot to mention so here goes:

Some of the clothes, whites mainly, were boiled in a large tub of water on the cook stove. I remember my mother getting them out with a long stick and transferring them to the washing machine. Messy and hot!!

There was something of a science to using the wringer. Garments with buttons had to be folded in such a way that the buttons were inside as the wringer had a habit of popping them off. The rollers of the wringer could be adjusted somewhat but there were tricks like that to avoid constant adjusting. When it came to the bib overalls, which were usually washed toward the last (just before the rugs) one had to be very careful to fold the metal clasps on the suspenders to the inside.

More than one housewife, and some children had the experience of getting their hand or arm caught in the wringer. Immediate action to loosen the rollers usually averted any injury.

Because getting water was such a task, and during times when water in the cistern was getting low there were uses for the wash water after the clothes were finished.

Some of the wash water was drained into a pail and used to mop the porch and the steps leading up to it. More of it went into another pail to be carried to the outhouse for its weekly scrubbing. Wasting water was “just not done.”

Many of the clothes needed starch. No such thing as spray cans! Starch came in a cardboard box. It was mixed with cold water, then boiling water was added while stirring the mixture to avoid lumps. The mixture was transferred to a dishpan and garments were soaked in it and wrung out by hand. Things needing the most stiffening were done first, then the starch was thinned for other items which needed only a light stiffening.

Wash day was truly a marathon of work. No wonder we didn’t change clothing as often as we do now.

More to follow about drying and ironing.

Laundry 1928-2017

My first memory of laundry being done is probably around 1928 when I was 6 years old. The washing machine I remember was located in a room behind the general store that my father owned and operated.

This room was good sized, had north windows, a sink with a pump, and a kitchen range. There was a trap door in the center of the floor which opened to the cistern which filled, when it rained, with soft water.

The first washing machine I can remember looked somewhat like the “old oaken bucket” on legs. It must have been lined with metal of some kind. to make it waterproof. On the side was a lever attached to “something” inside which moved back and forth to agitate the water.

I assume that my mother pumped pails of water from the sink to fill the oblong copper wash boiler which sat on the stove in which she had built a fire. When it was hot enough she poured it by the pailful into the washer. There was no powdered soap so she most likely grated bar soap to go into the hot water. It was then agitated until the soap dissolved.

There may have been a wringer attached to the side of the washer though I am not sure of that. If not, the clothes had to be wrung out by hand, transferred to a wash tub filled with rinse water, wrung out again, and placed in the oblong wicker clothes basket to be carried outside and hung on the wire clotheslines which were propped up with wooden poles, grooved at the top to fit around the line.

I have a much clearer memory of the time when we bought a new gray Maytag washer, powered by a rather noisy gasoline engine. In summer this machine was located on the screened porch which ran the length of the building on the east. During the winter it was moved to the kitchen with the exhaust pipe placed in a window. The tub was square, with a drain hose which hooked to its side. Water still had to be heated and transferred to the machine by the pailful. The rinsing process was the same, though I recall that we did have a wringer which could be moved from the side of the washer to the side of the tub. This was the latest thing and it was a matter of pride to have this “modern convenience.”

By that time Fels Naptha soap became a favorite and I was old enough to grate it before it was added to the hot water. Sometimes my mother bought OK soap, a cheaper version of Fels Naptha.

Prom Time

 

Recently I found several old diaries. Reading them brought back many memories. This is one of them.

After 3 years as a “boarder” at Bethlehem Academy I was, in 1938, at age 15, living in a private home during my senior year. Since this was the height of the depression my parents could no longer afford the cost of room and board for my Senior year.

I lived with an elderly woman and her middle-aged unmarried daughter, helping with housework and serving as a companion to the mother when the daughter was away. This gave me a certain amount of freedom to come and go as I wanted after school and on weekends. Mostly this meant a visit at a girlfriend’s home or a walk downtown.

It was spring in Minnesota. I knew that I would graduate as Salutatorian of my class. But that wasn’t what was occupying my mind.

The Senior Prom was coming up in May. There had been no Prom when our class were Juniors because some of the previous group had, in some way misbehaved. I never knew what exactly they had done (or not done.)

Since this had, until my Sophomore year, been an all-girls school it had been customary for the girls to invite a boy to escort them to the dance. I knew I would never have the nerve to do that unless (perish the thought) I invited my younger brother. Since there were only eight boys in our class of 32 the competition for invitations was rather stiff.

There was one boy, I’ll call him “D” who had earlier invited me to a movie, I suspected that he might invite me, but I didn’t want to go with him, even if he did.

One of my classmates told me that another boy, I’ll call him “H” wanted to ask me to the dance. He was tall, as I was, and a good dancer, so I was pleased, and hoped he would ask soon.

And thus began the “dating dance.”

There was a rule that one signed out of study hall if one wanted to go to the library on the second floor. I began to notice that every time I signed to go to the library “H” would soon do the same. Not being at all wise in the ways of boy-girl relationships I took no obvious notice of him when he arrived. Poor fellow was probably hoping for at least a smile! This went on for days and I wasn’t sure if he was cramming for exams or following me. At one point I just gave up hope and decided I wasn’t going to the Prom.

One day I woke up with red, puffy, weepy eyes. This was “pink eye.” I felt Ok so put on an old pair of glasses that I seldom wore and went on to school. For some reason I was waiting in line outside the principal’s office that day, standing there thinking how awful I must look. As I waited, along came “H.” He must have decided it was now or never. As he passed me he quickly said, “Rita, will you go to the prom with me?” Just as quickly I replied “Yes!” and that was that. He went on his way and I continued waiting.

I think we didn’t communicate much even after that but I began thinking in earnest about the dance. It dawned on me that I’d have to have a formal dress. There was no way I could afford to buy one. Many of the girls borrowed a dress from an older sister or a friend. My problem was that I was five feet ten inches tall with no older sister and one girl cousin who was just a bit over five feet.

My godmother lived in St. Paul and when she heard about my situation she came to my rescue in the best way she could. Her sister was a teacher who dressed rather well and was almost as tall as I. One weekend I was invited to her home to meet the sister who was probably around 50, and to have a look at some clothes she was willing to give me. She offered a long dress, probably not the style for a 15-year-old, but it saved the situation for me. She also gave me another dress which I would wear under my cap and gown for graduation. They did a few alterations on these and I accepted them gladly.

Well, prom night came. I bathed and dressed, then used my Tangee lipstick (10 cents at Woolworths and guaranteed to change to suit your complexion) and powdered my face with my Lady Esther face powder (also 10 cents at Woolworths). Several friends and I had taken advantage of the special at the local beauty shop which meant that I washed my hair myself, then went to the shop to have it set and dried for 25 cents. I put on the dress from my Aunt and felt ready for the evening.

At the appointed time “H” appeared at the door with a lovely corsage (my first). We rode with “D” and his date to the hall downtown where the dance was held. My memories of the actual dance are rather sketchy (after all it was 78 years ago) but I do recall that we wanted to do something daring after the dance so we went to a bar/restaurant just outside town and each of us had a glass of 3.2 beer!

“D” and his date and “H” took me home. “H” had been instructed on how to act by an older sister. He took me to the door, politely said goodnight. and the big event was over.

It was soon graduation time and I moved back home, a distance of 20 miles from school. I saw “H” a few times that summer but we went our separate ways through life after that.

World War 2 was looming and both boys entered service. Both distinguished themselves, “D” in the Air Force and “H” in the Army. “H” was honored for a heroic rescue of a fellow soldier during which his eyes were severely injured, leaving him nearly blind. He never married.

I wonder if he ever thought of that prom date way back when.

Spring Flowers

Today “natural foods” are trumpeted in advertising. When I was growing up in Southern Minnesota in the 1920’s we took for granted a great deal of nature’s bounty which we harvested each spring and summer. That food was about as natural as one could get.

After the long and sometimes harsh winter came March, when we could experience an occasional wafting of warm breezes, though they were fleeting. However, Mother Nature was waking the dormant greenery that would soon arrive. We learned to watch for the signs of the first growing things.

Dandelions were among the first green plants to push through the warming ground. With no worries about contaminants we picked the early tender leaves, washed them, sliced up some onions to top them, and covered them with fresh sweet cream and a bit of salt. This was a spring salad over many weeks, welcome because green salads on our winter menus were pretty much limited to coleslaw made from cabbage stored in the root cellar.

Lamb’s quarter was another green weed that grew in abundance early in the spring. We gathered it by the dishpan full, washed it and cooked it. It was served with a bit of butter and a few drops of vinegar. The taste was somewhat like that of spinach, and we enjoyed it because it was fresh. Some might have coupled it with bacon or bacon fat, but we ate it “straight.” It taught me to like greens, mostly because it was a dish that meant spring. Once in a while my mother cooked the very young nettles as a green, treating them as she did the lamb’s quarter. Older nettles were pretty hard to pick because they “stung.”

Early in the summer there were wild strawberries to be picked. They weren’t very big, but they did taste like strawberries and we used them. Once in awhile we found a wild raspberry bush whose bounty we usually ate as we picked. When summer came in earnest the chokecherry trees put forth clusters of red berries which we picked. They were terribly sour, but we cooked them down to juice, mixed it with lots of sugar, and made jars of red jelly to use on slices of home baked bread as well as to store for the next winter.

Next came the wild gooseberries which grew along the fence rows. The bushes were thorny, and one variety of berry had scratchy spikes on the berries themselves. We cooked these with sugar for what we called “gooseberry sauce.” Some of them went into jars of pale pink jelly for the future. The cellar shelves, nearly bare by spring were beginning to fill again. By late summer the wild grape vines were producing. Again, those small grapes were picked and cooked into jelly.

One of my favorites as fall approached was the butternuts picked from trees that grew wild in the pasture. We picked gunny sacks full of them while the shell coverings were still green and sticky, putting them in the sun to dry. Many a squirrel helped itself to some of our supply. They were hard to crack, but with a hammer and a stone we managed to do it. Once they were cracked they had to be extracted from the shell with nut picks. We ate lots of them as we cracked them in the evening when we were “resting.” Most of them were saved to be used throughout the year in cakes and cookies. It has been years since I tasted a butternut and I’ve never found anything that tastes the same.

Together with these natural foods was a profusion of wild flowers that arrived in the spring. Bloodroot were the first we found, with their white blossoms and red sap. Next came “Dutchman’s britches” which grew among their lacy leaves, sporting their blossoms which did indeed look like pantaloons. Soon came a profusion of blooms– there were dog-toothed violets, Mayflowers, trilliums, moccasin flowers, purple violets and other small white flowers whose name I never knew. Later came wild honeysuckles.

The common denominator of all of these things was “work.” Everything took effort, first to pick and clean, then to prepare and cook. This we took for granted. I think it gave us, as children, an empathy for nature that would be hard to come by today. We were part of the cycle of nature, living close to it and experiencing all of its vagaries. I’m glad I had the experience.

Today “natural foods” are trumpeted in advertising. When I was growing up in Southern Minnesota in the 1920’s we took for granted a great deal of nature’s bounty which we harvested each spring and summer. That food was about as natural as one could get.

After the long and sometimes harsh winter came March, when we could experience an occasional wafting of warm breezes, though they were fleeting. However, Mother Nature was waking the dormant greenery that would soon arrive. We learned to watch for the signs of the first growing things.

Dandelions were among the first green plants to push through the warming ground. With no worries about contaminants we picked the early tender leaves, washed them, sliced up some onions to top them, and covered them with fresh sweet cream and a bit of salt. This was a spring salad over many weeks, welcome because green salads on our winter menus were pretty much limited to coleslaw made from cabbage stored in the root cellar.

Lamb’s quarter was another green weed that grew in abundance early in the spring. We gathered it by the dishpan full, washed it and cooked it. It was served with a bit of butter and a few drops of vinegar. The taste was somewhat like that of spinach, and we enjoyed it because it was fresh. Some might have coupled it with bacon or bacon fat, but we ate it “straight.” It taught me to like greens, mostly because it was a dish that meant spring. Once in a while my mother cooked the very young nettles as a green, treating them as she did the lamb’s quarter. Older nettles were pretty hard to pick because they “stung.”

Early in the summer there were wild strawberries to be picked. They weren’t very big, but they did taste like strawberries and we used them. Once in awhile we found a wild raspberry bush whose bounty we usually ate as we picked. When summer came in earnest the chokecherry trees put forth clusters of red berries which we picked. They were terribly sour, but we cooked them down to juice, mixed it with lots of sugar, and made jars of red jelly to use on slices of home baked bread as well as to store for the next winter.

Next came the wild gooseberries which grew along the fence rows. The bushes were thorny, and one variety of berry had scratchy spikes on the berries themselves. We cooked these with sugar for what we called “gooseberry sauce.” Some of them went into jars of pale pink jelly for the future. The cellar shelves, nearly bare by spring were beginning to fill again. By late summer the wild grape vines were producing. Again, those small grapes were picked and cooked into jelly.

One of my favorites as fall approached was the butternuts picked from trees that grew wild in the pasture. We picked gunny sacks full of them while the shell coverings were still green and sticky, putting them in the sun to dry. Many a squirrel helped itself to some of our supply. They were hard to crack, but with a hammer and a stone we managed to do it. Once they were cracked they had to be extracted from the shell with nut picks. We ate lots of them as we cracked them in the evening when we were “resting.” Most of them were saved to be used throughout the year in cakes and cookies. It has been years since I tasted a butternut and I’ve never found anything that tastes the same.

Together with these natural foods was a profusion of wild flowers that arrived in the spring. Bloodroot were the first we found, with their white blossoms and red sap. Next came “Dutchman’s britches” which grew among their lacy leaves, sporting their blossoms which did indeed look like pantaloons. Soon came a profusion of blooms– there were dog-toothed violets, Mayflowers, trilliums, moccasin flowers, purple violets and other small white flowers whose name I never knew. Later came wild honeysuckles.

The common denominator of all of these things was “work.” Everything took effort, first to pick and clean, then to prepare and cook. This we took for granted. I think it gave us, as children, an empathy for nature that would be hard to come by today. We were part of the cycle of nature, living close to it and experiencing all of its vagaries. I’m glad I had the experience.

The Lost Art of Letter Writing

I, like many, many others am a frequent user of e-mail and would miss it if it were no longer available So far I have resisted “texting” which is the latest form of correspondence and uses greatly reduced spellings and lots of shortcuts.

However, once in a while I find a “real” letter in my mailbox and that makes my day. It is such a pleasure to open and read what someone has taken the time to compose. In spite of the new methods a letter is still a happy occasion.

Years ago when emptying out the family farmhouse I came upon a box of letters stored in an old trunk. They were written to my aunt, Julia, and dated from about 1880 until about 1920. These were a treasure trove of information for the family history I was in the process of writing.

But, even more, they taught me something of the accomplishments of those who wrote them. Some had only a grade school education. Some were high school students, some were just friends keeping up with one another’s lives. Penmanship and grammar exceeded the quality that I see today in much ordinary writing.

At the time that most of these letters were written there were no telephones and no automobiles. The mail was the best means of communication next to face -to – face visits. Many of the letters were postmarked on the front with the date they were mailed and also on the back with the date of receipt. Surprisingly, letters were often received the day after they were mailed.

I was able to read letters from suitors, and arrangements for attending balls and plays. I realized that my aunt, Julia, was quite a belle, though she never married. The earliest letters were written to her by classmates or teachers at Bethlehem Academy which she attended from 1880 until her graduation in 1885.

After graduation she began teaching and boarded in a home near her school. Letters she received from her sisters and brothers gave a taste of her life and that of her family..

A sample letter is as follows:

May 5, 1896
Dear Miss,
I am going to attend a ball in Byrne’s Hall, in Kilkenny, on Friday evening, May 8, and request the pleasure of your company on the occasion.
Awaiting your reply I am

Yours truly,
J. J. Leonard

Another letter to Julia dated Nov, 13, 1897 is from her sister, Margaret, who is then attending Bethlehem Academy. It reads:

I suppose you expected to hear from me before now but we only write every Friday. I have not taken up all the studies, Only Ancient History, Physiology, Composition, Penmanship. Elocution, Music, and Oil Painting. I practice two hours a day on the piano and spend two hours and a half in the studio. There are eleven boarders here and two more coming. Write and let me know when you are coming in. I will be expecting you a week from Saturday.
Comment: Only seven classes!!

When I attended Bethlehem Academy 37 years later we were required to write a letter to our parents every week. It gave us practice. Only in an emergency did we use the telephone to contact home. Every week I received a letter or postcard from home.

Over the course of my life, most of which was spent away from home, my mother rarely missed sending me a weekly letter. Recently I happened on a few letters I had saved from the last year of her life when she was 85. They were full of family and neighborhood news, neatly written and with good penmanship as always. They kept me in touch with the life of the rest of my family as well as old friends and neighbors. My father wrote only rarely and the few letters I have kept from him are a treasure to me now.

When I moved from my home I found an old diary from 1938 through 1943 and another for 1946. In it I have noted letters received and sent. We kept the postman busy!!

Of course the war years occasioned an explosion of mail to soldiers who were serving all over the world. There was still air mail, using a special envelope trimmed with red stripes, and a special, more expensive stamp. We, as well as our friends and family overseas could use V-mail which was one sheet of paper which could be folded so that it could be sealed and addressed just as an envelope would be. These took up less space in mailbags and traveled faster. All soldiers were exempt from paying postage on their mail. Instead they wrote “Free” where the stamp would have been. We could crowd an amazing amount of news on to those one-page missives.

All the soldiers longed for mail and tried to write. It was a rather new experience for many, who hadn’t written many letters in their lives. Every one of them watched and waited for “Mail Call” hoping there was something for them. I received mail from many who were really just acquaintances, but I faithfully answered every one, knowing that any letter would brighten a soldier’s day.

I have saved a bundle of letters from my husband, Jim, which I hope my daughters will read when I am gone. They will learn much about their father from them.

I’m afraid that in future years a text message ” wna hkup tonite?” will not hold much interest in the generation to come. Who knows how that generation will be writing! Maybe they will have mastered mental telepathy and won’t need to write at all!